The ability to extract a broad range of different drugs from a biological matrix allows for the expedited analysis of a patient sample using LC-MS/MS. Typically small molecules are extracted from matrices like urine based on their polarities. A fast and reliable sample preparation method that could be implemented to extract drugs of different polarities from urine could be used as a screening tool to quickly identify the presence of illicit drugs in patient samples using LC-MS-MS. This poster demonstrates the utility of supported liquid extraction for the extraction of over 30 different acidic, basic and neutral drugs in urine prior to LC-MS/MS. MSACL 2016

11-hydroxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) 11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) 6-acetyl codeine 96-well plate Acidic Alprazolam Amphetamine Barbiturates Basic Benzodiazepines Benzoylecgonine Buprenorphine Butalbital Clinical Clonazepam Codeine Dextromethorphan Diazepam Drugs of Abuse EDDP English Fentanyl Flunitrazepam Forensic Hydrocodone Hydrolysed urine Hydromorphone LC-MS/MS MDEA Morphine Naltrexone Neutral Nitrazepam Norbuprenorphine Norcodeine Norfentanyl Opiates Oxazepam Oxycodone Oxymorphone Pain Management Pentazocine Pentobarbital Phenobarbital Posters Propoxyphene Secobarbital THC THC metabolites THC-COOH Temazepam Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

This application note describes the extraction of 96 licit and illicit drugs of abuse from urine prior to UPLC-MS/MS analysis using EVOLUTE® HYDRO CX 96-well plates. EVOLUTE® HYDRO CX plates offer an efficient way to perform hydrolysis in the well of the extraction plate. This method provides high analyte recovery, reduced extraction time due to the elimination of a sample transfer step as well as the elimination of the column conditioning and equilibration steps, and a reduced risk for sample carryover or cross-contamination due to the elimination of the sample transfer step.

6-acetyl codeine 6-acetylmorphine (MAM) 7-Aminoclonazepam 7-Aminoflunitrazepam 96-well plate Alprazolam Amitriptyline Amphetamine Amphetamines Analgesics Application Notes Aripiprazole Atomoxetine Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Benzoylecgonine Buprenorphine Bupropion Buspirone Butalbital Carbamate hypnotic Carbamate muscle relaxant Carbamates Carbazepine Carisoprodol Chlordiazepoxide Chlorpheniramine Chlorpromazine Clinical Clomipramine Clonazepam Clonidine Clozapine Cocaethylene Cocaine Cocaines Codeine Cyclobenzaprine Desalkylflurazepam Designer stimulants Dextromethorphan Diazepam Dihydrocodeine (DHC) Drugs of Abuse Duloxetine EDDP English Ethyl Sulfate (EtS) Extrahera Fentanyl Fluoxetine Forensic Gabapentin Haloperidol Hydrocodone Hydrolysed urine Hydromorphone Hydroxyalprazolam Hydroxybupropion Hydroxymidazolam Hydroxytriazolam Imipramine Ketamine LC-MS/MS Lamotrigine Levetiracetam Lidocaine Lorazepam MDA MDEA MDMA Meperidine Meprobamate Methadone Methamphetamine Methaqualone Methcathinone Midazolam Morphine N-des-tapentadol N-desmethylclomipramine N-desmethyltapentadol Naloxone Norbuprenorphine Nordiazepam Norfentanyl Norhydrocodone Norketamine Normeperidine Noroxymorphone Norpropoxyphene Nortryptiline Opiates Opioid Opioid agonist Oxazepam Oxcarbazepine Oxycodone Oxymorphone Pain Management Pentobarbital Pharmaceuticals Phencyclidine (PCP) Phenobarbital Pregabalin Quetiapine Ritalinic acid Secobarbital Stimulants THC-COOH Tapentadol Temazepam Topiramate Tramadol Triazolam Trimipramine Urine Venlafaxine Zolpidem Zolpidem-phenyl-4-COOH mCPP z-drugs

The method described in this application note achieves high recoveries of THC and an extended suite of common metabolites in oral fluid from Quantisal (Immunalysis) oral fluid collection devices. This application note describes effective and efficient ISOLUTE SLE+ protocols optimized for sample loading volumes of either 300 μL or 800 μL. The simple sample preparation procedure delivers clean extracts and analyte recoveries greater than 64% with RSDs of <10% for all analytes.

11-hydroxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) 11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) 11-nor-9-carboxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THC-V-COOH) 11-nor-9-carboxy- Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide (THC-COOH-g 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC glucuronide Application Notes Cannabidiol Cannabigerol Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic LC-MS/MS Oral fluid Saliva THC THC metabolites THC-COOH Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)

Analysis of drug panels in urine samples can be challenging, and the trend towards larger panels including multiple drug classes compounds the issues faced during method development. This white paper examines a number of aspects of sample preparation, and their impact on the success of subsequent LC-MS/MS analysis of broad urine panels. Section 1 examines the applicability of various sample preparation techniques: supported liquid extraction, reverse phase SPE and mixed-mode SPE, to the various classes of drugs extracted. In addition, hydrolysis approaches: enzyme type and protocol used (time, temperature), are compared. Mixed-mode reverse phase/cation exchange SPE is widely used for extraction of basic drug classes from urine, but the inclusion of drugs and metabolites that exhibit ‘non-typical’ functionality within urine panels can be problematic. Section 2 examines the impact of various parameters (interference wash strength, elution solvent composition) on analyte retention, elution and extract cleanliness with particular focus on zwitterionic (gabapentin, pregabalin) and non-ionic (carisoprodol, meprobamate) drugs.

11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) 6-acetylmorphine (MAM) 7-Aminoclonazepam 96-well plate Alprazolam Amitriptyline Amphetamine Amphetamines Anaesthetic Anticonvulsant Application Notes Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Benzoylecgonine Buprenorphine Butalbital Cannabinoid Carbamate hypnotic Carbamate muscle relaxant Carbamates Carisoprodol Chlordiazepoxide Clinical Clonazepam Cocaine Cocaines Codeine Diazepam Dihydrocodeine (DHC) EDDP English Fentanyl Forensic Gabapentin Hallucinogen Hydrocodone Hydrolysed urine Hydromorphone Ketamine LC-MS/MS Lorazepam MDMA Meperidine Meprobamate Methadone Methamphetamine Morphine N-des-tapentadol Naloxone Norbuprenorphine Nordiazepam Norfentanyl Norhydrocodone Norketamine Normeperidine Noroxymorphone Norpropoxyphene Nortryptiline O-desmethyltramadol Opiates Opioid Opioid agonist Oxazepam Oxycodone Oxymorphone Pentobarbital Phencyclidine Phencyclidine (PCP) Phenobarbital Pregabalin Product Notes Ritalinic acid Secobarbital Stimulants Sympathomimetic amine THC metabolites THC-COOH Tapentadol Temazepam Tramadol Tricyclic Antidepressant Zolpidem Zolpidem-phenyl-4-COOH z-drugs α-OH alprazolam

Most drugs are excreted in urine as glucuronide conjugates. Hydrolysis using a beta-glucuronidase enzyme to convert the metabolites to their “free” form for analysis increases sensitivity. Red abalone (Kura Biotech), abalone (Campbell Scientific), and recombinant (IMCSzyme) beta-glucuronidase enzymes were evaluated to determine which provided the most complete hydrolysis of glucuronide metabolites without effecting the overall recovery of non-conjugated compounds. EVOLUTE EXPRESS CX 96-well plates were used to extract hydrolysed urine samples, and the impact of th enzymes was compared. MSACL 2017, Palm Springs SOFT 2017, Boca Raton

6-acetylmorphine (MAM) 7-Aminoclonazepam 96-well plate Alprazolam Amitriptyline Amphetamine Amphetamines Analgesics Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Benzoylecgonine Butalbarbital Carbamates Carisoprodol Chlordiazepoxide Clinical Clonazepam Cocaine Cocaines Codeine Diazepam Dihydrocodeine (DHC) Drugs of Abuse EDDP English Fentanyl Forensic Gabapentin Hydrocodone Hydrolysed urine Hydromorphone Ketamine LC-MS/MS Lorazepam MDMA Meperidine Meprobamate Methadone Methamphetamine Morphine N-des-tapentadol Naloxone Norbuprenorphine Nordiazepam Norfentanyl Norhydrocodone Norketamine Normeperidine Nortryptiline Opiates Over the counter pharmaceuticals Oxazepam Oxycodone Oxymorphone Pain Management Pharmaceuticals Phencyclidine (PCP) Phenobarbital Posters Pregabalin Ritalinic acid Secobarbital Stimulants THC metabolites THC-COOH Tapentadol Zolpidem Zolpidem-phenyl-4-COOH z-drugs α-OH alprazolam

This poster describes a simple supported liquid extraction (SLE) method for extraction of THC and metabolites from whole blood and urine, suitable for GC-MS analysis. SOFT 2015

11-hydroxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) 11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic GC-MS Posters THC THC-COOH Urine Whole blood Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

This poster describes a simple supported liquid extraction (SLE) method for extraction of THC and metabolites from oral fluid, suitable for analysis by GC-MS. TIAFT 2015

11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic Oral fluid Posters THC THC-COOH Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

This application note describes the extraction of 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC from a urine matrix, prior to GC/MS analysis. Carboxy-THC is the primary metabolite of THC, a key indicator of illicit marijuana usage. In urine, ~80% of the carboxy-THC metabolite is present in the form of its glucuronide metabolite. Therefore, to effectively quantify the THC-COOH, urine is hydrolyzed before extraction. This application note describes optimized extraction of urine samples prepared by either enzymatic or base hydrolysis.

11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) Application Notes Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic GC-MS Hydrolysed urine THC metabolites THC-COOH Urine

This application note describes the extraction of THC and metabolites from urine using ISOLUTE SLE+ columns or plates. The most prevalent marker in biological samples taken from cannabis abusers is 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC. Here we demonstrate a supported liquid extraction procedure for 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC.

Application Notes Column Drugs of Abuse Forensic LC-MS/MS THC-COOH Urine

This application note describes the extraction, using ISOLUTE SLE+ supported liquid extraction columns, of 49 drugs of abuse from whole blood, prior to UPLC-MS/MS analysis. High, reproducible drug recoveries are achieved, with sub ng/mL LOQs for most analytes. The method is easily automated using Biotage® Extrahera.

11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) 2-Hydroxyethylflurazepam 6-acetylmorphine (MAM) 7-Aminoclonazepam 7-Aminoflunitrazepam Alprazolam Amphetamine Benzodiazepines Benzoylecgonine Bromazepam Buprenorphine Clonazepam Cocaine Cocaines Codeine Column Diazepam Dihydrocodeine (DHC) Drugs of Abuse EDDP English Estazolam Extrahera Fentanyl Flunitrazepam Flurazepam Forensic Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Ketamine LC-MS/MS Lorazepam Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) MDA MDEA MDMA Mephedrone Methadone Methamphetamine Midazolam Morphine Nitrazepam Norbuprenorphine Nordiazepam Norfentanyl Norketamine Opiates Oxazepam Oxycodone Oxymorphone Pain Management Phencyclidine (PCP) THC metabolites THC-COOH Temazepam Triazolam Whole blood Zaleplone Zolpidem Zopiclone z-drugs α-OH Triazolam α-OH alprazolam

The method addresses the extraction of all three classes of drugs of abuse from urine using non-polar and cation exchange retention mechanisms on the ISOLUTE HCX mixed mode column. This protocol was optimized to eliminate the use of dichloromethane in the elution of the acidic / neutral drug fraction.

Acidic drugs Amphetamine Application Notes Basic drugs Benzodiazepines Benzoylecgonine Cocaines Codeine Column Diazepam Forensic Morphine Naphyrone Norcocaine Nordiazepam Opiates Oxazepam THC-COOH Temazepam Urine

This application note describes a simple but effective method for the extraction of THC and metabolites from whole blood using ISOLUTE SLE+ Supported Liquid Extraction 96-well plates.

11-hydroxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) 11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) 96-well plate Application Notes Drugs of Abuse English Forensic LC-MS/MS THC THC metabolites THC-COOH Whole blood Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

This method was developed for the extraction of the tetrahydrocannabinol carboxylic acid metabolite (THC-COOH) from urine using a mixed non-polar and anion exchange retention mechanism. Typical recoveries of the analyte are > 75%. THC, THC-COOH, BIOTAGE, ISOLUTE, SPE, DOA, drugs of abuse

Application Notes Column Forensic GC-MS THC-COOH Urine

This application note describes the extraction, using ISOLUTE SLE+ supported liquid extraction columns, of THC, THCA and Carboxy-THC from oral fluid matrix collected using the NeoSal device, prior to GC/MS analysis.

11-hydroxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) 11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) Application Notes Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic GC-MS Oral fluid Saliva THC THC metabolites THC-COOH Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

This application note describes the extraction of Δ9-THC, 11-hydroxy- Δ9-THC and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC from whole blood matrix, prior to GC/MS analysis. An extremely simple sample pre-treatment and extraction method is employed to extract the parent THC and main metabolites from complex whole blood matrix, delivering high, reproducible analyte recoveries.

11-hydroxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) 11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) Application Notes Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic GC-MS THC THC metabolites THC-COOH Whole blood Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

This application note describes the extraction of THC, THCA and Carboxy-THC from oral fluid matrix collected using the Intercept Oral Fluid Drug Test Kit (Orasure Technologies), prior to GC/MS analysis.

11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) Application Notes Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic GC-MS Oral fluid Saliva THC THC metabolites THC-COOH

This application note describes the extraction of THC, THCA and Carboxy-THC from oral fluid matrix collected using the Oral-Eze® collection devices, prior to GC/MS analysis.

11-hydroxy- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH) 11-nor- Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) Application Notes Column English Forensic GC-MS Oral fluid Saliva THC THC metabolites THC-COOH Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

This poster describes simple, effecive methods optimised for extraction of THC and metabolites from popular oral fluid collection devices, optimised for GC-MS analysis. SOFT 2014

Column Drugs of Abuse English Forensic GC-MS Oral fluid Posters THC metabolites THC-COOH Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)